Tag Archives: microsoft

Preparing VMware VMs for the 2026 Microsoft Secure Boot Certificate Expiration

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This is a continuation of January’s post about the upcoming secure boot certificate expiration. I’ve put together a script assisted strategy for patching our fleet of VMware vSphere machines by clearing out the NVRAM files in mass.

The first pass on the script has been uploaded to my GitHub as VMW_MSUEFICA2023Patch.ps1 and has so far been successful in test and pre-production scenarios to work through and patch a batch of VMs.

To reiterate on the issue at hand. In June of this year, the Microsoft signing certificates that are part of the secure boot process that have been in place since 2011 are expiring. Replacement of those certificates in the virtual environment cannot be handled from within the operating system because of an invalid platform key in the VMware vSphere virtual BIOS. So far, Broadcom has published two potential solutions. Either, (1) deleting the NVRAM file and allowing the UEFI variables to reset to new defaults on boot or, (2) fixing the invalid platform key through some very manual console work. I’ve opted to implement the first option.

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Enterprise Preparation for the 2026 Microsoft Secure Boot Certificate Expiration

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Back in 2023 with the release of CVE-2023-24932 (BlackLotus), the conversation around replacing Secure Boot certificates came to light. In the context of the CVE, it was to prevent use of signed and completely valid boot manager that could be exploited to bypass Secure Boot protections. Even without the CVE, those same certificates expire in mid-2026 – this year.

For the average consumer, Microsoft is managing the installation of replacement certificates. For enterprises with managed updates, we’re left to do it ourself. Neither instance addresses the revocation of the old certificates, which remains a manual step. Virtual machines add an additional complication with the KEK certificate – more on that below. Continue reading →

MS SQL AlwaysOn Availability Groups with Managed Service Accounts

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This is a practical guide for configuration Microsoft SQL Server with AlwaysOn Availability Groups using Managed Service Accounts.

This is not a guide for installing Microsoft SQL Server as there are plenty of existing resources to do so. This guide assumes that you have a pair of fresh SQL Servers or that you have the knowledge to create and install a best practices SQL Server.

Requirements

  • Two or more ready SQL Servers.
  • Domain Administrator, or delegated privileges to create Computer Accounts, Managed Service Accounts, and Security Enabled Groups.
  • Domain Administrator, or delegated privileges to set Service Principal Names.
  • Local administrative privileges on the SQL Server operating system.
  • SA privileges on the SQL Server instances.

Summary Steps

  • Pre-Create Active Directory Resources.
    • Computer Account Objects
    • Managed Service Account Object
    • Service Principal Names
  • Configure the SQL Server operating system.
    • Local Firewall
    • Local Security Policy
    • Network Adapters
  • Create the Windows Server Failover Cluster instance.
  • Configure a File Share as a cluster witness.
  • Enable AlwaysOn functionality for MS SQL.
  • Configure the Managed Service Account for MS SQL.
  • Create the Availability Group.

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ADCS Enrollment Policy Web Service

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This guide covers the deployment of the Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) Enrollment Policy Web Service (CEP) role on Server Core. The Certificate Enrollment Policy Web Service allows clients to retrieve Certificate Enrollment Policies from an Enterprise Certificate Authority when access to a Domain Controller is not possible, such as external or DMZ housed computers, or clients without permissions. Users and computers can retrieve enrollment policies from a CEP server over HTTPS/443.

The Certificate Enrollment Policy Web Service binds to Active Directory Domain Controllers over standard LDAP ports. A single CEP server can provide policy services for multiple Enterprise Certificate Authorities. A CEP server is required for clients to utilize a Certificate Enrollment Web Services server.

Requirements

  • Administrator privileges on the CEP server.
  • A deployed and functional Enterprise PKI.

Summary Steps

  • Enroll a Computer Certificate for the CEP server IIS binding.
  • Install the Certificate Authority feature with the Policy Web Enrollment Service role.
  • Determine the URI for client access to the CEP service.
  • Configure Group Policy to direct clients to the new CEP server.

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ADDS Group Managed Service Accounts

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This guide covers the creation and management of Active Directory Domain Services (ADDS) Group Managed Service Accounts (gMSA). Group Managed Service Accounts are system managed service accounts that behave much like computer accounts in that the system automatically manages and rotates the account password. A gMSA solves many of the security implications arising from using service accounts where passwords may be infrequently (or never) rotated and where multiple users may have access to the account’s credential.

Steps in this guide can be performed on any computer joined to the domain. Access to a domain controller is not necessary.

Requirements

  • Domain Administrator, or delegated privileges to create Group Managed Service Accounts and Security Enabled Groups.

Summary Steps

  • Create a Security Enabled Group
  • Create a Group Managed Service Account

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